{"task":"task1","cards":[{"task":"task1","id":"line-internet-users-four-countries-2000-2020","prompt":"The graph below shows the percentage of the population using the internet in four countries between 2000 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"Internet users (% of population)","unit":"%","categories":["2000","2004","2008","2012","2016","2020"],"series":[{"name":"South Korea","values":[44,67,74,83,90,96]},{"name":"Brazil","values":[3,12,25,40,59,81]},{"name":"India","values":[1,2,5,10,18,35]},{"name":"Nigeria","values":[0,2,8,16,26,36]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-electricity-generation-uk-coal-gas-wind-1990-2020","prompt":"The graph below shows the amount of electricity generated from three sources in the UK between 1990 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"UK electricity generation by source","unit":"TWh","categories":["1990","1995","2000","2005","2010","2015","2020"],"series":[{"name":"Coal","values":[200,130,120,125,110,75,6]},{"name":"Gas","values":[2,60,125,150,100,60,125]},{"name":"Wind","values":[0,1,1,3,10,40,75]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-international-students-four-countries-2005-2020","prompt":"The graph below shows the number of international students enrolled at universities in four countries from 2005 to 2020.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"International students enrolled","unit":"thousands","categories":["2005","2008","2011","2014","2017","2020"],"series":[{"name":"Australia","values":[180,250,300,340,420,380]},{"name":"Canada","values":[90,130,200,270,370,530]},{"name":"Germany","values":[200,220,250,290,320,370]},{"name":"New Zealand","values":[40,60,50,40,45,30]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-bicycle-car-use-city-1980-2020","prompt":"The graph below shows the percentage of daily journeys made by bicycle, car and public transport in one European city between 1980 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"Share of daily journeys by transport mode","unit":"%","categories":["1980","1990","2000","2010","2015","2020"],"series":[{"name":"Car","values":[62,58,48,36,30,25]},{"name":"Bicycle","values":[8,12,18,28,33,38]},{"name":"Public transport","values":[30,30,34,36,37,37]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-tourists-island-visitors-2008-2020","prompt":"The graph below shows the number of tourists visiting a small island resort between 2008 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"Annual visitors to the island","unit":"thousands","categories":["2008","2010","2012","2014","2016","2018","2020"],"series":[{"name":"Domestic tourists","values":[120,135,150,170,190,210,95]},{"name":"Overseas tourists","values":[60,80,130,210,290,340,40]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-smartphone-ownership-age-groups-2010-2022","prompt":"The graph below shows the percentage of people owning a smartphone in three age groups between 2010 and 2022.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"Smartphone ownership by age group","unit":"%","categories":["2010","2012","2014","2016","2018","2020","2022"],"series":[{"name":"18–29","values":[28,45,62,78,88,95,97]},{"name":"40–59","values":[12,22,38,55,70,84,90]},{"name":"65 and over","values":[2,4,9,20,32,52,65]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-unemployment-rate-three-countries-2000-2020","prompt":"The graph below shows the unemployment rate in three countries from 2000 to 2020.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"Unemployment rate","unit":"%","categories":["2000","2004","2008","2012","2016","2020"],"series":[{"name":"Spain","values":[11,11,11,25,20,16]},{"name":"Germany","values":[8,10,8,5,4,4]},{"name":"Japan","values":[5,5,4,4,3,3]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-renewable-energy-share-three-countries-1995-2020","prompt":"The graph below shows the proportion of total energy consumption that came from renewable sources in three countries between 1995 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"Renewable share of energy consumption","unit":"%","categories":["1995","2000","2005","2010","2015","2020"],"series":[{"name":"Denmark","values":[7,10,15,22,30,40]},{"name":"France","values":[6,7,7,11,14,19]},{"name":"Poland","values":[5,5,6,9,12,16]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-university-enrolment-men-women-1970-2020","prompt":"The graph below shows the percentage of men and women aged 18–24 enrolled in higher education in one country from 1970 to 2020.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"Higher education enrolment","unit":"%","categories":["1970","1980","1990","2000","2010","2020"],"series":[{"name":"Men","values":[25,28,30,32,34,36]},{"name":"Women","values":[12,20,29,38,48,58]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-obesity-rates-children-three-countries-1990-2020","prompt":"The graph below shows the percentage of children classed as obese in three countries between 1990 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"Child obesity rate","unit":"%","categories":["1990","1995","2000","2005","2010","2015","2020"],"series":[{"name":"United States","values":[11,13,15,17,18,19,19]},{"name":"Mexico","values":[5,7,9,12,15,17,19]},{"name":"Japan","values":[4,5,5,6,6,5,5]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-fish-catch-atlantic-pacific-1950-2010","prompt":"The graph below shows the annual fish catch in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans between 1950 and 2010.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"Annual fish catch","unit":"million tonnes","categories":["1950","1960","1970","1980","1990","2000","2010"],"series":[{"name":"Atlantic","values":[12,18,25,22,18,13,10]},{"name":"Pacific","values":[5,9,16,24,38,47,50]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-water-consumption-household-industry-agriculture-1980-2020","prompt":"The graph below shows the amount of water used for agriculture, industry and households in one country from 1980 to 2020.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"Annual water consumption","unit":"billion cubic metres","categories":["1980","1990","2000","2005","2010","2015","2020"],"series":[{"name":"Agriculture","values":[210,235,250,242,230,215,200]},{"name":"Industry","values":[60,85,120,138,150,152,150]},{"name":"Households","values":[40,55,70,80,90,100,110]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-births-deaths-population-growth-country-1950-2010","prompt":"The graph below shows the number of births and deaths per thousand people in one country between 1950 and 2010.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"Births and deaths per 1,000 people","unit":"per 1,000","categories":["1950","1960","1970","1980","1990","2000","2010"],"series":[{"name":"Birth rate","values":[38,35,30,24,19,15,12]},{"name":"Death rate","values":[22,15,11,9,8,9,10]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-average-house-prices-three-cities-2000-2020","prompt":"The graph below shows average house prices in three cities between 2000 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"Average house price","unit":"$000s","categories":["2000","2004","2008","2012","2016","2020"],"series":[{"name":"London","values":[150,280,350,330,520,560]},{"name":"Manchester","values":[70,130,190,160,200,260]},{"name":"Glasgow","values":[65,110,150,140,150,170]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-cinema-tv-streaming-hours-weekly-2005-2022","prompt":"The graph below shows the average number of hours per week spent on three forms of entertainment by teenagers between 2005 and 2022.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"Weekly hours of entertainment (teenagers)","unit":"hours","categories":["2005","2008","2012","2016","2019","2022"],"series":[{"name":"Television","values":[18,17,14,10,7,5]},{"name":"Video streaming","values":[0,1,4,9,15,19]},{"name":"Video games","values":[5,6,8,11,13,12]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-road-accidents-deaths-four-age-groups-1995-2020","prompt":"The graph below shows the number of road deaths per 100,000 people in four age groups in one country between 1995 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"Road deaths per 100,000 people","unit":"per 100,000","categories":["1995","2000","2005","2010","2015","2020"],"series":[{"name":"17–24","values":[28,26,21,14,11,9]},{"name":"25–39","values":[16,15,13,10,8,7]},{"name":"40–64","values":[12,11,10,8,7,6]},{"name":"65+","values":[14,15,14,12,11,10]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-tea-coffee-consumption-per-person-1990-2020","prompt":"The graph below shows the average amount of tea and coffee drunk per person per year in one country from 1990 to 2020.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"Annual consumption per person","unit":"kg","categories":["1990","1995","2000","2005","2010","2015","2020"],"series":[{"name":"Coffee","values":[3.2,3.8,4.5,5.2,5.8,6.1,6.4]},{"name":"Tea","values":[3,2.9,2.6,2.2,1.9,1.6,1.4]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-working-from-home-percentage-four-sectors-2015-2023","prompt":"The graph below shows the percentage of employees working mainly from home in four sectors between 2015 and 2023.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"Employees working mainly from home","unit":"%","categories":["2015","2017","2019","2020","2021","2023"],"series":[{"name":"IT and finance","values":[10,12,15,70,60,45]},{"name":"Education","values":[5,6,6,40,30,12]},{"name":"Retail","values":[2,2,3,10,8,5]},{"name":"Construction","values":[1,1,1,4,3,2]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-carbon-emissions-three-regions-1980-2020","prompt":"The graph below shows carbon dioxide emissions in three regions of the world between 1980 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"CO2 emissions","unit":"billion tonnes","categories":["1980","1990","2000","2005","2010","2015","2020"],"series":[{"name":"Europe","values":[5.8,5.9,5.2,5.1,4.8,4.3,3.4]},{"name":"North America","values":[5.4,5.9,6.9,6.8,6.5,5.8,5.2]},{"name":"Asia","values":[4.2,6.3,9.5,13,17,19.5,20.8]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-electric-car-sales-four-countries-2012-2022","prompt":"The graph below shows the number of electric cars sold in four countries between 2012 and 2022.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"Electric car sales","unit":"thousands","categories":["2012","2014","2016","2018","2020","2022"],"series":[{"name":"China","values":[10,55,260,780,1200,4400]},{"name":"United States","values":[50,120,160,360,300,630]},{"name":"Norway","values":[5,18,30,60,100,130]},{"name":"India","values":[0,1,2,3,5,40]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-library-visits-books-borrowed-2000-2020","prompt":"The graph below shows the number of visits to public libraries and books borrowed in one city between 2000 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"Public library use","unit":"thousands","categories":["2000","2004","2008","2012","2016","2020"],"series":[{"name":"Visits","values":[820,860,900,870,780,520]},{"name":"Books borrowed","values":[1500,1450,1300,1050,800,450]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-tourism-arrivals-spain-turkey-thailand-2000-2019","prompt":"The graph below shows the number of international tourists arriving in three countries between 2000 and 2019.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"International tourist arrivals","unit":"millions","categories":["2000","2004","2008","2012","2016","2019"],"series":[{"name":"Spain","values":[48,52,57,57,76,84]},{"name":"Turkey","values":[10,17,26,36,40,51]},{"name":"Thailand","values":[10,12,15,22,33,40]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-fast-food-sales-healthy-food-sales-1995-2020","prompt":"The graph below shows annual sales of fast food and of fresh healthy food in one country from 1995 to 2020.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"Annual food sales","unit":"$ billions","categories":["1995","2000","2005","2010","2015","2020"],"series":[{"name":"Fast food","values":[40,55,70,78,76,72]},{"name":"Fresh healthy food","values":[22,24,28,38,52,70]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-mobile-landline-subscriptions-1998-2018","prompt":"The graph below shows the number of mobile phone and landline subscriptions per 100 people in one country between 1998 and 2018.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"Subscriptions per 100 people","unit":"per 100","categories":["1998","2003","2008","2012","2015","2018"],"series":[{"name":"Mobile phones","values":[8,45,95,118,125,128]},{"name":"Landlines","values":[52,58,48,36,26,18]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-recycling-rates-paper-glass-plastic-1990-2020","prompt":"The graph below shows the percentage of waste recycled in one country for three materials between 1990 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"Recycling rate by material","unit":"%","categories":["1990","1995","2000","2005","2010","2015","2020"],"series":[{"name":"Glass","values":[20,28,40,52,62,68,72]},{"name":"Paper","values":[35,42,50,58,64,66,67]},{"name":"Plastic","values":[2,4,7,12,20,30,38]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-average-temperature-three-cities-monthly","prompt":"The graph below shows the average monthly temperature, in degrees Celsius, in three cities over one year.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"Average monthly temperature","unit":"°C","categories":["Jan","Mar","May","Jul","Sep","Nov"],"series":[{"name":"Moscow","values":[-8,-2,14,19,11,0]},{"name":"Dubai","values":[19,23,34,38,34,25]},{"name":"Sydney","values":[23,22,17,13,17,21]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-agricultural-workforce-share-four-countries-1960-2010","prompt":"The graph below shows the percentage of the workforce employed in agriculture in four countries from 1960 to 2010.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"Workforce employed in agriculture","unit":"%","categories":["1960","1970","1980","1990","2000","2010"],"series":[{"name":"Turkey","values":[75,67,58,46,36,25]},{"name":"Poland","values":[45,38,30,27,19,13]},{"name":"Italy","values":[32,20,14,9,6,4]},{"name":"United Kingdom","values":[4,3,3,2,2,1]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-household-internet-access-urban-rural-2005-2023","prompt":"The graph below shows the percentage of urban and rural households with internet access in one country between 2005 and 2023.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"Households with internet access","unit":"%","categories":["2005","2008","2011","2014","2017","2020","2023"],"series":[{"name":"Urban","values":[35,52,68,80,89,94,97]},{"name":"Rural","values":[8,15,28,45,62,78,89]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-sales-newspapers-online-news-subscriptions-2000-2020","prompt":"The graph below shows the number of daily newspaper copies sold and online news subscriptions in one country from 2000 to 2020.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"Newspaper and online news","unit":"millions","categories":["2000","2004","2008","2012","2016","2020"],"series":[{"name":"Printed newspapers","values":[24,22,19,14,9,5]},{"name":"Online subscriptions","values":[0,1,3,7,12,18]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-rainfall-three-regions-monthly","prompt":"The graph below shows average monthly rainfall, in millimetres, in three regions of one country.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"Average monthly rainfall","unit":"mm","categories":["Jan","Mar","May","Jul","Sep","Nov"],"series":[{"name":"Coastal","values":[110,90,60,20,50,120]},{"name":"Highland","values":[60,70,95,130,100,70]},{"name":"Desert","values":[10,12,8,3,5,9]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-cost-of-solar-panels-installations-2008-2022","prompt":"The graph below shows the average cost of solar panel installation and the number of installations in one country between 2008 and 2022.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"Solar installations and cost","unit":"index (2008 = 100)","categories":["2008","2010","2013","2016","2019","2022"],"series":[{"name":"Installation cost","values":[100,82,55,38,28,22]},{"name":"Number of installations","values":[100,160,420,900,1500,2300]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-marriage-divorce-rates-1960-2020","prompt":"The graph below shows the number of marriages and divorces per 1,000 people in one country between 1960 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"Marriages and divorces per 1,000 people","unit":"per 1,000","categories":["1960","1970","1980","1990","2000","2010","2020"],"series":[{"name":"Marriages","values":[8.5,9.2,7.4,6.1,5.2,4.6,3.9]},{"name":"Divorces","values":[0.9,1.5,2.7,3.2,2.9,2.5,2]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-gym-membership-yoga-swimming-2005-2020","prompt":"The graph below shows the number of people regularly taking part in gym, yoga and swimming activities in one city between 2005 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"Regular participants","unit":"thousands","categories":["2005","2008","2011","2014","2017","2020"],"series":[{"name":"Gym","values":[120,160,210,260,310,350]},{"name":"Yoga","values":[15,28,50,90,130,160]},{"name":"Swimming","values":[190,185,175,160,150,140]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-wheat-rice-maize-production-1990-2020","prompt":"The graph below shows world production of three cereal crops between 1990 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"Cereal production","unit":"million tonnes","categories":["1990","1995","2000","2005","2010","2015","2020"],"series":[{"name":"Maize","values":[480,520,590,710,850,1020,1160]},{"name":"Rice","values":[520,550,600,630,700,750,780]},{"name":"Wheat","values":[590,540,585,625,650,735,760]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-airline-passengers-three-airports-2000-2020","prompt":"The graph below shows the number of passengers using three airports between 2000 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"Annual passengers","unit":"millions","categories":["2000","2004","2008","2012","2016","2020"],"series":[{"name":"Dubai","values":[10,17,37,58,83,26]},{"name":"Singapore","values":[28,30,37,51,59,12]},{"name":"Frankfurt","values":[49,51,54,57,61,19]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-school-leavers-employment-further-study-2000-2020","prompt":"The graph below shows the percentage of school leavers who went into work and into further study in one country between 2000 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"Destination of school leavers","unit":"%","categories":["2000","2004","2008","2012","2016","2020"],"series":[{"name":"Further study","values":[38,44,49,55,60,63]},{"name":"Employment","values":[48,41,36,31,27,24]},{"name":"Neither","values":[14,15,15,14,13,13]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-broadband-speed-average-three-countries-2010-2022","prompt":"The graph below shows the average broadband download speed in three countries between 2010 and 2022.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"Average download speed","unit":"Mbps","categories":["2010","2012","2014","2016","2018","2020","2022"],"series":[{"name":"Singapore","values":[20,40,75,110,180,230,260]},{"name":"Estonia","values":[10,22,35,60,85,110,140]},{"name":"Egypt","values":[1,2,3,5,8,12,20]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-life-expectancy-europe-women-men-sub-saharan-africa-1950-2020","prompt":"The graph below shows life expectancy at birth in Europe (for women and men) and in Sub-Saharan Africa between 1950 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"Life expectancy at birth","unit":"years","categories":["1950","1960","1970","1990","2005","2020"],"series":[{"name":"Women (Europe)","values":[64,68,72,77,80,83]},{"name":"Men (Europe)","values":[59,63,67,70,73,77]},{"name":"Sub-Saharan Africa","values":[37,40,44,50,52,61]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-online-shopping-spending-four-age-groups-2012-2022","prompt":"The graph below shows average monthly spending on online shopping by four age groups between 2012 and 2022.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"Monthly online spending per person","unit":"$","categories":["2012","2014","2016","2018","2020","2022"],"series":[{"name":"18–24","values":[40,55,70,85,110,120]},{"name":"25–34","values":[60,80,105,130,175,190]},{"name":"35–54","values":[45,60,80,105,150,160]},{"name":"55+","values":[10,15,22,35,65,75]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"line-birth-rates-three-countries-1960-2020","prompt":"The graph below shows the number of births per woman in three countries between 1960 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"line","title":"Average number of births per woman","unit":"births per woman","categories":["1960","1970","1980","1990","2000","2010","2020"],"series":[{"name":"Niger","values":[7.4,7.5,7.6,7.7,7.3,6.9,6.8]},{"name":"India","values":[5.9,5.6,4.9,3.9,3.3,2.6,2]},{"name":"South Korea","values":[6,4.5,2.7,1.6,1.5,1.2,0.8]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-household-spending-categories-three-countries","prompt":"The chart below shows the percentage of household income spent on five categories in three countries.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"Household spending by category","unit":"%","categories":["Housing","Food","Transport","Leisure","Education"],"series":[{"name":"Japan","values":[25,23,10,12,8]},{"name":"Egypt","values":[18,40,8,4,6]},{"name":"Canada","values":[32,12,16,10,4]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-students-studying-abroad-destinations-2010-2020","prompt":"The chart below shows the number of students from one country studying in five destinations in 2010 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"International students by destination","unit":"thousands","categories":["USA","UK","Australia","Canada","Germany"],"series":[{"name":"2010","values":[90,60,35,20,15]},{"name":"2020","values":[85,70,55,75,40]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-average-weekly-working-hours-six-countries","prompt":"The chart below shows the average number of hours worked per week in six countries.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"Average weekly working hours","unit":"hours","categories":["Mexico","South Korea","Turkey","Japan","France","Germany"],"series":[{"name":"Hours per week","values":[42,40,39,36,34,32]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-cars-owned-per-1000-people-countries","prompt":"The chart below shows the number of cars owned per 1,000 people in 2000 and 2020 in six countries.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"Cars per 1,000 people","unit":"cars per 1,000 people","categories":["USA","Italy","Poland","Russia","China","India"],"series":[{"name":"2000","values":[780,610,330,170,15,10]},{"name":"2020","values":[830,670,630,400,200,30]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-museum-visitors-age-groups-tickets-sold","prompt":"The chart below shows the percentage of visitors to a city museum in each age group in 2005 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"Museum visitors by age group","unit":"%","categories":["Under 16","16–24","25–44","45–64","65+"],"series":[{"name":"2005","values":[18,12,28,25,17]},{"name":"2020","values":[22,20,30,18,10]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-carbon-footprint-per-person-seven-countries","prompt":"The chart below shows carbon dioxide emissions per person in seven countries in 2019.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"CO2 emissions per person","unit":"tonnes","categories":["Qatar","USA","Russia","China","Brazil","India","Kenya"],"series":[{"name":"Tonnes per person","values":[32,15,11.5,7.1,2.2,1.9,0.4]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-pupils-computer-access-school-types","prompt":"The chart below shows the percentage of pupils with access to computers at home and at school in four countries.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"Pupils with computer access","unit":"%","categories":["Finland","Chile","Turkey","Indonesia"],"series":[{"name":"At home","values":[98,72,60,38]},{"name":"At school","values":[95,85,52,44]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-monthly-sales-of-ice-cream-and-hot-drinks","prompt":"The chart below shows the monthly sales of ice cream and hot drinks in one café over six months.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"Café sales by month","unit":"$ thousands","categories":["Apr","May","Jun","Jul","Aug","Sep"],"series":[{"name":"Ice cream","values":[4,7,12,16,15,8]},{"name":"Hot drinks","values":[14,11,8,5,5,10]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-reasons-for-learning-english-three-age-groups","prompt":"The chart below shows the main reasons given for learning English by people in three age groups.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"Reasons for learning English","unit":"%","categories":["Study","Career","Travel","Hobby"],"series":[{"name":"Under 25","values":[55,25,15,5]},{"name":"25–40","values":[15,65,10,10]},{"name":"Over 40","values":[5,35,30,30]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-foreign-visitors-uk-by-region-origin","prompt":"The chart below shows the number of visitors to the UK from five regions of the world in 2019.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"Visitors to the UK by region of origin","unit":"millions","categories":["Europe","N. America","Asia","Australasia","Africa"],"series":[{"name":"Visitors","values":[30.5,4.9,3.4,1,0.6]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-use-of-leisure-time-men-women-weekend","prompt":"The chart below shows the average time men and women spent on five leisure activities at weekends.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"Weekend leisure time","unit":"hours","categories":["TV","Sport","Reading","Socialising","Gaming"],"series":[{"name":"Men","values":[3.2,2,0.5,1.8,2.1]},{"name":"Women","values":[2.9,0.9,1.4,2.6,0.6]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-health-expenditure-gdp-percent-six-countries","prompt":"The chart below shows health spending as a percentage of national income in six countries in 2000 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"Health spending (% of GDP)","unit":"%","categories":["USA","Germany","Japan","Brazil","Turkey","Nigeria"],"series":[{"name":"2000","values":[12.5,10,7.2,8,4.8,3.5]},{"name":"2020","values":[18.8,12.8,11,10.3,4.7,3.4]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-population-by-age-group-japan-india-1990-2020","prompt":"The chart below shows the proportion of the population in three age groups in Japan and India in 2020.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"Population by age group (2020)","unit":"%","categories":["0–14","15–64","65+"],"series":[{"name":"Japan","values":[12,59,29]},{"name":"India","values":[26,67,7]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-fruit-vegetable-consumption-daily-portions","prompt":"The chart below shows the average number of daily portions of fruit and vegetables eaten per person in six countries.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"Daily portions of fruit and vegetables","unit":"portions","categories":["Greece","Spain","Kazakhstan","Poland","UK","USA"],"series":[{"name":"Fruit","values":[3.1,2.8,1.5,1.9,1.6,1.1]},{"name":"Vegetables","values":[3.4,2.6,2.3,2.1,2.4,1.9]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-daily-commute-time-transport-mode","prompt":"The chart below shows the average length of daily commute by five modes of transport in one city.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"Average daily commute","unit":"minutes","categories":["Walking","Cycling","Bus","Train","Car"],"series":[{"name":"Minutes","values":[14,22,48,62,36]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-mobile-app-downloads-by-category-2018-2022","prompt":"The chart below shows the number of app downloads in four categories in 2018 and 2022.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"App downloads by category","unit":"millions","categories":["Games","Social","Education","Health","Finance"],"series":[{"name":"2018","values":[920,540,120,60,90]},{"name":"2022","values":[1050,610,310,230,260]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-crime-rates-burglary-theft-fraud-2000-2020","prompt":"The chart below shows the number of recorded burglary, car theft and online fraud cases in one country in 2000, 2010 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"Recorded crime","unit":"cases per 100,000","categories":["Burglary","Car theft","Online fraud"],"series":[{"name":"2000","values":[950,620,40]},{"name":"2010","values":[600,380,310]},{"name":"2020","values":[390,210,1100]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-university-graduates-by-subject-men-women","prompt":"The chart below shows the percentage of male and female graduates in five subject areas in one country.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"Graduates by subject","unit":"%","categories":["Engineering","Medicine","Education","Business","Arts"],"series":[{"name":"Men","values":[78,38,22,52,34]},{"name":"Women","values":[22,62,78,48,66]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-energy-consumption-by-sector-four-countries","prompt":"The chart below shows energy consumption in three sectors in four countries in 2020.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"Energy consumption by sector","unit":"million tonnes of oil equivalent","categories":["Germany","India","Brazil","Canada"],"series":[{"name":"Industry","values":[70,330,95,85]},{"name":"Transport","values":[55,120,75,60]},{"name":"Households","values":[60,150,40,45]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-bottled-water-consumption-litres-per-person","prompt":"The chart below shows the amount of bottled water drunk per person in seven countries in 2010 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"Bottled water consumption","unit":"litres per person","categories":["Mexico","Italy","Thailand","USA","Germany","China","UK"],"series":[{"name":"2010","values":[240,185,110,110,125,28,30]},{"name":"2020","values":[270,190,150,150,140,50,40]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-participation-in-sports-by-gender-and-age","prompt":"The chart below shows the percentage of people who play sport regularly in four age groups.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"Regular sport participation","unit":"%","categories":["16–24","25–34","35–54","55+"],"series":[{"name":"Men","values":[72,60,44,30]},{"name":"Women","values":[58,44,36,28]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-fuel-prices-five-countries-litre","prompt":"The chart below shows the price of a litre of petrol in six countries in 2023.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"Petrol price per litre","unit":"$ per litre","categories":["Norway","UK","Germany","USA","Kazakhstan","Iran"],"series":[{"name":"Price","values":[2.3,1.9,1.9,1,0.5,0.03]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-average-monthly-rent-by-city-and-flat-size","prompt":"The chart below shows the average monthly rent for one-bedroom and three-bedroom flats in five cities.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"Average monthly rent","unit":"$","categories":["Dubai","Istanbul","Tashkent","Delhi","Berlin"],"series":[{"name":"One bedroom","values":[1400,450,380,280,950]},{"name":"Three bedrooms","values":[3100,950,750,600,1900]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-sources-of-news-in-2005-2015-2023","prompt":"The chart below shows the percentage of adults who named each source as their main source of news in 2005, 2015 and 2023.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"Main source of news","unit":"%","categories":["Television","Newspapers","Radio","Websites","Social media"],"series":[{"name":"2005","values":[56,28,10,5,1]},{"name":"2015","values":[42,15,8,22,13]},{"name":"2023","values":[28,6,5,26,35]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-rice-production-six-asian-countries","prompt":"The chart below shows rice production in six countries in 1990 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"Rice production","unit":"million tonnes","categories":["China","India","Indonesia","Bangladesh","Vietnam","Thailand"],"series":[{"name":"1990","values":[189,111,45,26,19,17]},{"name":"2020","values":[212,178,55,55,43,30]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-ielts-test-takers-by-region","prompt":"The chart below shows the number of IELTS candidates from five regions in 2015 and 2022.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"Test takers by region","unit":"thousands","categories":["S. Asia","Middle East","Central Asia","E. Europe","Africa"],"series":[{"name":"2015","values":[380,150,40,55,70]},{"name":"2022","values":[520,210,95,50,120]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-employees-by-sector-three-years","prompt":"The chart below shows the percentage of the workforce in three sectors in one country in 1980, 2000 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"Employment by sector","unit":"%","categories":["Agriculture","Manufacturing","Services"],"series":[{"name":"1980","values":[22,38,40]},{"name":"2000","values":[9,29,62]},{"name":"2020","values":[3,17,80]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-train-delays-by-company-percentage","prompt":"The chart below shows the percentage of trains arriving late for five rail companies in 2018 and 2023.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"Trains arriving late","unit":"%","categories":["Northline","Eastway","Capital","Valley","Coastal"],"series":[{"name":"2018","values":[12,18,9,25,15]},{"name":"2023","values":[8,22,7,14,19]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-water-usage-bathing-washing-cooking-households","prompt":"The chart below shows the average daily household water use for six activities in one city.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"Daily household water use","unit":"litres","categories":["Showering","Toilet","Laundry","Cooking","Cleaning","Garden"],"series":[{"name":"Litres per day","values":[120,95,60,25,30,70]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-volunteers-by-age-group-men-women","prompt":"The chart below shows the percentage of adults who volunteer, by age group, in 2010 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"Adults who volunteer","unit":"%","categories":["18–24","25–34","35–49","50–64","65+"],"series":[{"name":"2010","values":[20,14,22,26,24]},{"name":"2020","values":[28,18,19,24,31]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-cinema-attendance-per-year-five-countries","prompt":"The chart below shows the average number of cinema visits per person per year in five countries in 1995 and 2019.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"Cinema visits per person per year","unit":"visits","categories":["India","South Korea","USA","France","Brazil"],"series":[{"name":"1995","values":[3.2,2.1,4.7,2.6,1.1]},{"name":"2019","values":[2,4.4,3.3,3.1,1.3]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-textile-exports-clothing-five-countries","prompt":"The chart below shows the value of clothing exports from five countries in 2000, 2010 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"Clothing exports","unit":"$ billions","categories":["China","Bangladesh","Vietnam","Turkey","Italy"],"series":[{"name":"2000","values":[36,5,2,7,13]},{"name":"2010","values":[130,15,10,12,15]},{"name":"2020","values":[155,31,29,16,13]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-preferred-holiday-types-by-age","prompt":"The chart below shows the percentage of people choosing each type of holiday in three age groups.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"Preferred holiday type","unit":"%","categories":["Beach","City break","Adventure","Cultural","Staying home"],"series":[{"name":"18–30","values":[25,25,35,10,5]},{"name":"31–55","values":[40,20,10,20,10]},{"name":"56+","values":[30,15,3,32,20]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-teacher-salary-primary-secondary-countries","prompt":"The chart below shows the average annual salary of primary and secondary school teachers in five countries.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"Teacher salary","unit":"$ thousands","categories":["Germany","UK","Poland","Kazakhstan","Mexico"],"series":[{"name":"Primary","values":[66,40,22,9,19]},{"name":"Secondary","values":[72,43,24,10,22]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-milk-cheese-butter-consumption-per-person","prompt":"The chart below shows the amount of dairy products eaten per person per year in four countries.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"Dairy consumption per person","unit":"kg","categories":["France","USA","Japan","Uzbekistan"],"series":[{"name":"Milk","values":[56,72,31,95]},{"name":"Cheese","values":[27,17,3,2]},{"name":"Butter","values":[8,2,0.6,4]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-hotel-occupancy-rate-by-month-three-cities","prompt":"The chart below shows hotel occupancy rates in four months of the year in three cities.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"Hotel occupancy","unit":"%","categories":["January","April","July","October"],"series":[{"name":"Dubai","values":[88,72,48,80]},{"name":"Paris","values":[60,82,92,85]},{"name":"Reykjavik","values":[45,55,90,52]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-home-ownership-by-age-group-1990-2020","prompt":"The chart below shows the percentage of people who owned their home in four age groups in 1990 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"Home ownership","unit":"%","categories":["25–34","35–44","45–54","55–64"],"series":[{"name":"1990","values":[46,68,76,80]},{"name":"2020","values":[28,48,66,74]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-languages-spoken-at-home-city-survey","prompt":"The chart below shows the languages most commonly spoken at home in one multicultural city, in 2000 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"Main language spoken at home","unit":"%","categories":["English","Spanish","Mandarin","Arabic","Other"],"series":[{"name":"2000","values":[72,12,4,2,10]},{"name":"2020","values":[58,17,9,5,11]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-road-vs-rail-vs-air-freight-tonnes","prompt":"The chart below shows the volume of freight carried by road, rail, sea and air in one country in 2000 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"Freight carried","unit":"million tonnes","categories":["Road","Rail","Sea","Air"],"series":[{"name":"2000","values":[520,180,410,5]},{"name":"2020","values":[780,150,430,19]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"bar-recycled-waste-by-material-three-cities","prompt":"The chart below shows the percentage of household waste recycled, by material, in three cities in 2022.","chart":{"kind":"bar","title":"Household waste recycled","unit":"%","categories":["Paper","Glass","Plastic","Metal","Food waste"],"series":[{"name":"Zurich","values":[82,90,45,70,40]},{"name":"Madrid","values":[55,60,22,41,8]},{"name":"Cairo","values":[20,12,6,35,2]}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"pie-household-income-spending-1970-2020","prompt":"The pie charts below show how an average family in one country spent its income in 1970 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"pie","title":"Household spending","categories":["Food","Housing","Transport","Leisure","Other"],"series":[{"name":"1970","values":[35,20,12,8,25]},{"name":"2020","values":[15,34,17,16,18]}],"unit":"%"}},{"task":"task1","id":"pie-electricity-sources-two-countries-2020","prompt":"The pie charts below show the sources of electricity in a country in 1990 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"pie","title":"Sources of electricity","categories":["Coal","Gas","Nuclear","Renewables"],"series":[{"name":"1990","values":[48,20,27,5]},{"name":"2020","values":[12,36,20,32]}],"unit":"%"}},{"task":"task1","id":"pie-university-students-fields-of-study-2000-2020","prompt":"The pie charts below show the subjects chosen by university students in one country in 2000 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"pie","title":"Students by subject area","categories":["Business","Engineering","Arts","Medicine","Science","Other"],"series":[{"name":"2000","values":[28,14,24,10,12,12]},{"name":"2020","values":[24,22,12,16,18,8]}],"unit":"%"}},{"task":"task1","id":"pie-greenhouse-gas-emissions-by-sector","prompt":"The pie chart below shows the percentage of greenhouse gas emissions produced by each sector in one country.","chart":{"kind":"pie","title":"Greenhouse gas emissions by sector","categories":["Energy","Industry","Agriculture","Transport","Waste"],"series":[{"name":"Share of emissions","values":[42,20,17,16,5]}],"unit":"%"}},{"task":"task1","id":"pie-time-use-teenagers-weekday-weekend","prompt":"The pie charts below show how teenagers spend their time on a weekday and at the weekend.","chart":{"kind":"pie","title":"Teenagers' use of time (waking hours)","categories":["School","Study","Screens","Sport","Socialising","Chores"],"series":[{"name":"Weekday","values":[40,14,18,6,16,6]},{"name":"Weekend","values":[0,8,30,14,40,8]}],"unit":"%"}},{"task":"task1","id":"pie-tourist-expenditure-accommodation-food-shopping","prompt":"The pie charts below show how tourists spent their money in a coastal city in 2005 and 2022.","chart":{"kind":"pie","title":"Tourist expenditure","categories":["Accommodation","Food","Shopping","Activities","Transport"],"series":[{"name":"2005","values":[38,24,20,8,10]},{"name":"2022","values":[30,26,12,22,10]}],"unit":"%"}},{"task":"task1","id":"pie-world-population-by-continent-1950-2020","prompt":"The pie charts below show the distribution of world population by continent in 1950 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"pie","title":"World population by continent","categories":["Asia","Africa","Europe","Americas","Oceania"],"series":[{"name":"1950","values":[55,9,22,13,1]},{"name":"2020","values":[59,17,10,13,1]}],"unit":"%"}},{"task":"task1","id":"pie-reasons-for-migration-survey","prompt":"The pie chart below shows the main reasons why people moved to a new country, according to a survey.","chart":{"kind":"pie","title":"Main reason for migrating","categories":["Work","Study","Family","Safety","Lifestyle"],"series":[{"name":"Reason","values":[44,18,24,9,5]}],"unit":"%"}},{"task":"task1","id":"pie-water-use-agriculture-industry-domestic-1980-2020","prompt":"The pie charts below show how water was used in one country in 1980 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"pie","title":"Water use by sector","categories":["Agriculture","Industry","Households","Energy"],"series":[{"name":"1980","values":[70,18,8,4]},{"name":"2020","values":[52,20,15,13]}],"unit":"%"}},{"task":"task1","id":"pie-sales-of-music-formats-2000-2020","prompt":"The pie charts below show the share of music revenue from different formats in 2000 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"pie","title":"Music revenue by format","categories":["CDs","Downloads","Streaming","Vinyl","Live events"],"series":[{"name":"2000","values":[78,0,0,5,17]},{"name":"2020","values":[4,6,70,3,17]}],"unit":"%"}},{"task":"task1","id":"pie-lunch-choices-school-canteen-two-years","prompt":"The pie charts below show what students chose to eat for lunch at one school in 2008 and 2023.","chart":{"kind":"pie","title":"School lunch choices","categories":["Hot meal","Sandwich","Salad","Snacks","Packed lunch"],"series":[{"name":"2008","values":[30,28,5,22,15]},{"name":"2023","values":[22,25,18,8,27]}],"unit":"%"}},{"task":"task1","id":"pie-company-budget-allocation-departments","prompt":"The pie charts below show how a technology company divided its annual budget between departments in 2015 and 2023.","chart":{"kind":"pie","title":"Company budget","categories":["R&D","Marketing","Salaries","Operations","Other"],"series":[{"name":"2015","values":[18,22,40,15,5]},{"name":"2023","values":[30,16,35,14,5]}],"unit":"%"}},{"task":"task1","id":"pie-transport-to-work-three-cities","prompt":"The pie charts below show the methods people used to travel to work in London, Delhi and Amsterdam.","chart":{"kind":"pie","title":"Methods of travelling to work","categories":["Car","Public transit","Bicycle","Walking"],"series":[{"name":"London","values":[34,46,6,14]},{"name":"Delhi","values":[22,48,8,22]},{"name":"Amsterdam","values":[22,20,38,20]}],"unit":"%"}},{"task":"task1","id":"pie-land-use-farm-region-1960-2020","prompt":"The pie charts below show how land was used in a rural region in 1960 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"pie","title":"Land use","categories":["Crops","Pasture","Forest","Housing","Other"],"series":[{"name":"1960","values":[45,30,20,2,3]},{"name":"2020","values":[38,22,18,14,8]}],"unit":"%"}},{"task":"task1","id":"pie-online-purchases-by-product-category","prompt":"The pie charts below show the types of goods bought online by consumers in one country in 2010 and 2022.","chart":{"kind":"pie","title":"Online purchases by category","categories":["Clothing","Electronics","Books","Food","Travel","Other"],"series":[{"name":"2010","values":[22,30,20,3,20,5]},{"name":"2022","values":[26,22,5,24,15,8]}],"unit":"%"}},{"task":"task1","id":"pie-age-structure-population-1990-2050-forecast","prompt":"The pie charts below show the age structure of the population of one country in 1990 and 2020, and a forecast for 2050.","chart":{"kind":"pie","title":"Population by age group","categories":["0–14","15–39","40–64","65+"],"series":[{"name":"1990","values":[28,38,24,10]},{"name":"2020","values":[19,34,30,17]},{"name":"2050","values":[14,28,31,27]}],"unit":"%"}},{"task":"task1","id":"pie-plastic-waste-sources-oceans","prompt":"The pie chart below shows the main sources of plastic waste in the oceans.","chart":{"kind":"pie","title":"Sources of ocean plastic waste","categories":["Packaging","Fishing gear","Textiles","Tyres","Other"],"series":[{"name":"Share of waste","values":[36,18,14,12,20]}],"unit":"%"}},{"task":"task1","id":"pie-patients-reasons-for-hospital-visit","prompt":"The pie charts below show why patients visited a city hospital in 1995 and 2022.","chart":{"kind":"pie","title":"Reasons for hospital visits","categories":["Accidents","Heart disease","Infections","Cancer","Other"],"series":[{"name":"1995","values":[30,20,28,7,15]},{"name":"2022","values":[22,24,12,18,24]}],"unit":"%"}},{"task":"task1","id":"pie-languages-used-on-the-internet-2000-2020","prompt":"The pie charts below show the proportion of internet content in each language in 2000 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"pie","title":"Language of web content","categories":["English","Chinese","Spanish","Russian","Other"],"series":[{"name":"2000","values":[68,5,4,2,21]},{"name":"2020","values":[26,20,8,7,39]}],"unit":"%"}},{"task":"task1","id":"pie-crop-production-by-type-in-three-regions","prompt":"The pie charts below show the types of crop grown in three regions of one country.","chart":{"kind":"pie","title":"Crop production","categories":["Wheat","Cotton","Vegetables","Fruit","Other"],"series":[{"name":"North","values":[60,0,12,8,20]},{"name":"Central","values":[25,15,30,20,10]},{"name":"South","values":[5,55,10,10,20]}],"unit":"%"}},{"task":"task1","id":"pie-holiday-destinations-chosen-by-travellers","prompt":"The pie charts below show where residents of one country went on holiday in 2000 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"pie","title":"Holiday destinations","categories":["Domestic","Europe","Asia","Americas","Other"],"series":[{"name":"2000","values":[52,30,8,6,4]},{"name":"2020","values":[35,25,22,10,8]}],"unit":"%"}},{"task":"task1","id":"pie-how-adults-learn-new-skills-2010-2023","prompt":"The pie charts below show how adults learned new skills in 2010 and 2023.","chart":{"kind":"pie","title":"Methods of learning new skills","categories":["Classroom","Online courses","Videos","Books","On the job"],"series":[{"name":"2010","values":[44,8,5,18,25]},{"name":"2023","values":[18,30,24,6,22]}],"unit":"%"}},{"task":"task1","id":"pie-sources-of-funding-for-a-university","prompt":"The pie charts below show where one university received its funding in 1990 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"pie","title":"University funding","categories":["Government","Tuition fees","Grants","Donations","Other"],"series":[{"name":"1990","values":[62,15,12,6,5]},{"name":"2020","values":[28,44,15,9,4]}],"unit":"%"}},{"task":"task1","id":"pie-pet-ownership-by-animal-type-households","prompt":"The pie charts below show the types of pet owned by households in one country in 2000 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"pie","title":"Pet ownership","categories":["Dogs","Cats","Fish","Birds","Small mammals"],"series":[{"name":"2000","values":[38,30,16,10,6]},{"name":"2020","values":[34,42,8,4,12]}],"unit":"%"}},{"task":"task1","id":"pie-volunteer-hours-by-type-of-organisation","prompt":"The pie chart below shows how volunteers divided their time between types of organisation in one city.","chart":{"kind":"pie","title":"Volunteer hours","categories":["Charity","Education","Environment","Health","Sport"],"series":[{"name":"Share of hours","values":[30,24,18,17,11]}],"unit":"%"}},{"task":"task1","id":"table-tourism-income-visitors-five-countries","prompt":"The table below shows the number of international visitors and the income from tourism in five countries in 2019.","chart":{"kind":"table","title":"Tourism in five countries (2019)","unit":"visitors in millions; income in $ billion; stay in days","columns":["Country","Visitors (millions)","Income ($bn)","Average stay (days)"],"rows":[["France",89,66,7],["Spain",84,80,8],["USA",79,214,12],["Turkey",51,34,9],["Thailand",40,60,11]]}},{"task":"task1","id":"table-mobile-phone-use-age-groups-hours-per-day","prompt":"The table below shows average daily time spent on four phone activities by three age groups.","chart":{"kind":"table","title":"Daily phone use by age group","unit":"minutes per day","columns":["Age group","Calls","Messaging","Social media","Video"],"rows":[["16–24",8,75,130,95],["25–44",22,60,70,45],["45–64",30,35,28,20],["65+",25,18,9,6]]}},{"task":"task1","id":"table-house-prices-and-rents-six-cities","prompt":"The table below shows average house prices and monthly rents in six cities.","chart":{"kind":"table","title":"Housing costs in six cities","unit":"price in $000; rent in $ per month; rise in %","columns":["City","Average price ($000)","Monthly rent ($)","Price rise since 2015 (%)"],"rows":[["Sydney",1100,2400,38],["Toronto",780,2100,45],["Berlin",520,1300,62],["Istanbul",210,600,95],["Tashkent",95,350,70],["Lisbon",360,1450,88]]}},{"task":"task1","id":"table-students-per-teacher-and-spending-by-country","prompt":"The table below shows spending on education and class sizes in five countries.","chart":{"kind":"table","title":"Education indicators in five countries","unit":"spending in % of GDP; pupils per teacher; graduates in %","columns":["Country","Spending (% of GDP)","Pupils per teacher","Graduates (%)"],"rows":[["Finland",6.4,13,48],["Japan",3.2,16,53],["Brazil",6,22,21],["India",3.8,30,28],["Kazakhstan",3,19,44]]}},{"task":"task1","id":"table-energy-use-per-person-by-fuel-four-countries","prompt":"The table below shows the energy used per person from three fuels in four countries.","chart":{"kind":"table","title":"Energy use per person (kWh)","unit":"kWh per person","columns":["Country","Oil","Gas","Coal"],"rows":[["Canada",29000,21000,3000],["Germany",14000,11000,7000],["China",6000,2000,15000],["Nigeria",1300,900,0]]}},{"task":"task1","id":"table-sports-participation-by-gender-three-sports","prompt":"The table below shows the percentage of men and women taking part in sports in 2000 and 2020.","chart":{"kind":"table","title":"Participation in sport (%)","unit":"%","columns":["Sport","Men 2000","Women 2000","Men 2020","Women 2020"],"rows":[["Football",38,6,35,17],["Swimming",22,26,19,24],["Running",12,8,28,27],["Yoga",2,10,5,23],["Cycling",15,7,24,15]]}},{"task":"task1","id":"table-university-fees-living-costs-four-countries","prompt":"The table below shows annual tuition fees and living costs for international students in four countries.","chart":{"kind":"table","title":"Cost of studying abroad","unit":"$ per year (fees and living costs); % (scholarships)","columns":["Country","Tuition fees","Living costs","Students on scholarships (%)"],"rows":[["USA",32000,14000,6],["UK",24000,15000,11],["Germany",500,11000,38],["Australia",27000,17000,9]]}},{"task":"task1","id":"table-employment-by-sector-five-countries-2020","prompt":"The table below shows the percentage of the workforce employed in agriculture, industry and services in five countries.","chart":{"kind":"table","title":"Employment by sector (%)","unit":"%","columns":["Country","Agriculture","Industry","Services"],"rows":[["Uzbekistan",25,26,49],["Egypt",20,26,54],["India",43,25,32],["Poland",8,31,61],["USA",2,19,79]]}},{"task":"task1","id":"table-food-prices-supermarket-three-years","prompt":"The table below shows the average price of five basic foods in 2000, 2010 and 2022.","chart":{"kind":"table","title":"Food prices","unit":"$ per kg or litre","columns":["Item","2000","2010","2022"],"rows":[["Bread",1.2,1.6,2.8],["Rice",1.4,1.8,2.1],["Chicken",3.5,4.4,6],["Milk",0.8,1,1.3],["Apples",2,2.6,3.9]]}},{"task":"task1","id":"table-hospital-waiting-times-and-beds-six-regions","prompt":"The table below shows waiting times and the number of beds in hospitals in five regions of one country.","chart":{"kind":"table","title":"Hospital performance by region","unit":"beds per 1,000 people; days; thousands of patients","columns":["Region","Beds per 1,000 people","Average wait (days)","Patients treated (000)"],"rows":[["North",3.1,41,520],["South",2.4,58,610],["East",2.9,35,340],["West",3.6,27,415],["Capital",4.2,19,880]]}},{"task":"task1","id":"table-car-ownership-commute-time-three-cities","prompt":"The table below shows car ownership and commuting habits in four cities.","chart":{"kind":"table","title":"Commuting in four cities","unit":"% of households; minutes; % of commuters","columns":["City","Households with a car (%)","Commute (minutes)","Use public transport (%)"],"rows":[["Los Angeles",90,31,6],["Moscow",48,43,62],["Tokyo",45,40,57],["Mumbai",17,47,52]]}},{"task":"task1","id":"table-olympic-medals-five-countries-three-games","prompt":"The table below shows the medals won by five countries at the last three Olympic Games.","chart":{"kind":"table","title":"Olympic medals won","unit":"medals","columns":["Country","Rio 2016","Tokyo 2020","Paris 2024"],"rows":[["USA",121,113,126],["China",70,88,91],["Japan",41,58,45],["Great Britain",67,65,65],["Uzbekistan",13,5,13]]}},{"task":"task1","id":"table-internet-activities-by-age-percent","prompt":"The table below shows the percentage of internet users in four age groups who carry out five online activities.","chart":{"kind":"table","title":"Online activities by age group (%)","unit":"%","columns":["Activity","16–24","25–34","35–54","55+"],"rows":[["Email",88,95,96,90],["Banking",52,81,84,63],["Shopping",70,85,80,52],["Streaming",94,90,72,41],["Job search",45,40,18,3]]}},{"task":"task1","id":"table-recycling-and-waste-per-person-five-countries","prompt":"The table below shows the amount of waste produced per person and the percentage recycled in five countries.","chart":{"kind":"table","title":"Household waste and recycling","unit":"kg per person; % of waste","columns":["Country","Waste per person (kg)","Recycled (%)","Landfill (%)"],"rows":[["Germany",620,67,1],["Japan",350,20,2],["USA",810,32,50],["Turkey",420,13,70],["South Korea",400,60,15]]}},{"task":"task1","id":"table-coffee-production-consumption-five-countries","prompt":"The table below shows coffee production and consumption in five countries.","chart":{"kind":"table","title":"Coffee production and consumption","unit":"thousand tonnes","columns":["Country","Production","Consumption"],"rows":[["Brazil",3700,1250],["Vietnam",1800,180],["Colombia",850,130],["USA",0,1500],["Germany",0,570]]}},{"task":"task1","id":"table-cost-of-weekly-groceries-four-family-types","prompt":"The table below shows the weekly cost of food, transport and leisure for four household types.","chart":{"kind":"table","title":"Weekly household spending","unit":"$","columns":["Household","Food","Transport","Leisure"],"rows":[["Single adult",65,30,40],["Couple",110,55,70],["Family with children",190,80,60],["Retired couple",95,18,35]]}},{"task":"task1","id":"table-languages-courses-enrolment-three-years","prompt":"The table below shows the number of students enrolled in five language courses at a university in 2005, 2015 and 2023.","chart":{"kind":"table","title":"Language course enrolment","unit":"students","columns":["Language","2005","2015","2023"],"rows":[["Spanish",320,410,520],["French",450,380,260],["Mandarin",40,190,410],["German",280,250,190],["Korean",5,60,240]]}},{"task":"task1","id":"table-average-salaries-by-profession-and-gender","prompt":"The table below shows average annual salaries of men and women in five professions.","chart":{"kind":"table","title":"Average annual salary","unit":"$ thousands","columns":["Profession","Men","Women","Gap (%)"],"rows":[["Doctor",140,112,20],["Teacher",46,45,2],["Engineer",78,66,15],["Lawyer",110,88,20],["Nurse",58,56,3]]}},{"task":"task1","id":"table-wind-solar-capacity-five-countries-2010-2022","prompt":"The table below shows the installed wind and solar power capacity in five countries in 2010 and 2022.","chart":{"kind":"table","title":"Wind and solar capacity","unit":"gigawatts","columns":["Country","Wind 2010","Wind 2022","Solar 2010","Solar 2022"],"rows":[["China",45,365,1,393],["USA",40,141,3,113],["Germany",27,66,18,67],["India",13,42,0.1,63],["Brazil",1,25,0,24]]}},{"task":"task1","id":"table-online-learning-platform-courses-completion","prompt":"The table below shows the number of learners, completion rates and average ratings for five types of online course.","chart":{"kind":"table","title":"Online course statistics","unit":"learners in thousands; completion in %; rating out of 5","columns":["Course type","Learners (000)","Completion (%)","Rating (out of 5)"],"rows":[["Programming",1250,18,4.5],["Languages",2100,9,4.2],["Business",830,24,4.3],["Art and design",410,31,4.6],["Health",260,42,4.7]]}},{"task":"task1","id":"process-water-cycle","prompt":"The diagram below shows how water circulates between the Earth and the atmosphere.","chart":{"kind":"process","title":"The water cycle","cycle":true,"stages":[{"label":"Evaporation","detail":"Heat from the sun turns sea and lake water into vapour"},{"label":"Transpiration","detail":"Plants release water vapour from their leaves"},{"label":"Condensation","detail":"Rising vapour cools and forms clouds"},{"label":"Precipitation","detail":"Water falls as rain, snow or hail"},{"label":"Surface run-off","detail":"Water flows over land into rivers"},{"label":"Infiltration","detail":"Some water soaks into the soil and rocks"},{"label":"Groundwater flow","detail":"Underground water moves slowly towards the sea"},{"label":"Collection","detail":"Rivers and groundwater return water to the ocean"}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"process-life-cycle-of-a-butterfly","prompt":"The diagram below shows the stages in the life cycle of a butterfly.","chart":{"kind":"process","title":"Life cycle of a butterfly","cycle":true,"stages":[{"label":"Eggs laid","detail":"The female lays eggs on a host plant"},{"label":"Eggs hatch","detail":"Tiny larvae emerge after about a week"},{"label":"Caterpillar feeds","detail":"The larva eats leaves and grows rapidly"},{"label":"Moulting","detail":"The caterpillar sheds its skin several times"},{"label":"Pupa forms","detail":"It attaches to a twig and forms a chrysalis"},{"label":"Metamorphosis","detail":"The body is transformed inside the chrysalis"},{"label":"Adult emerges","detail":"The butterfly breaks out and dries its wings"},{"label":"Mating","detail":"Adults mate and the female lays new eggs"}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"process-chocolate-production-from-cocoa","prompt":"The diagram below shows how chocolate is produced from cocoa beans.","chart":{"kind":"process","title":"Chocolate production","cycle":false,"stages":[{"label":"Harvesting pods","detail":"Ripe cocoa pods are cut from the trees"},{"label":"Opening pods","detail":"Workers split the pods and remove the beans"},{"label":"Fermentation","detail":"Beans are heaped under leaves for about a week"},{"label":"Drying","detail":"Beans are spread out and dried in the sun"},{"label":"Roasting","detail":"Dried beans are roasted at high temperature"},{"label":"Winnowing","detail":"Shells are removed, leaving the nibs"},{"label":"Grinding","detail":"Nibs are ground into cocoa liquor"},{"label":"Conching","detail":"Sugar and milk are added and the mix is smoothed"},{"label":"Moulding","detail":"Liquid chocolate is poured into moulds and cooled"}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"process-recycling-glass-bottles","prompt":"The diagram below shows the process of recycling glass bottles.","chart":{"kind":"process","title":"Glass bottle recycling","cycle":true,"stages":[{"label":"Collection","detail":"Used bottles are left in bottle banks"},{"label":"Transport","detail":"Lorries take the glass to a recycling plant"},{"label":"Sorting","detail":"Bottles are separated by colour"},{"label":"Crushing","detail":"Glass is broken into small pieces called cullet"},{"label":"Cleaning","detail":"Magnets and screens remove labels and metal"},{"label":"Melting","detail":"Cullet is mixed with raw materials and melted"},{"label":"Moulding","detail":"Molten glass is blown into new bottles"},{"label":"Distribution","detail":"Bottles are filled and sold in shops"}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"process-paper-manufacture-from-timber","prompt":"The diagram below shows how paper is made from wood.","chart":{"kind":"process","title":"Paper manufacturing","cycle":false,"stages":[{"label":"Felling trees","detail":"Logs are cut from managed forests"},{"label":"Debarking","detail":"Bark is stripped from the logs"},{"label":"Chipping","detail":"Logs are cut into small wood chips"},{"label":"Pulping","detail":"Chips are cooked with chemicals to form pulp"},{"label":"Bleaching","detail":"The pulp is washed and whitened"},{"label":"Pressing","detail":"Water is squeezed out through rollers"},{"label":"Drying","detail":"Heated cylinders dry the paper sheet"},{"label":"Reeling","detail":"Finished paper is wound onto large reels"}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"process-generating-electricity-hydroelectric-dam","prompt":"The diagram below shows how electricity is generated at a hydroelectric power station.","chart":{"kind":"process","title":"Hydroelectric power generation","cycle":false,"stages":[{"label":"Dam stores water","detail":"A river is blocked to create a reservoir"},{"label":"Intake","detail":"Water enters pipes called penstocks"},{"label":"Water flows down","detail":"Gravity drives the water towards the turbine"},{"label":"Turbine spins","detail":"The force of water rotates the blades"},{"label":"Generator","detail":"The turbine drives a generator"},{"label":"Transformer","detail":"Voltage is increased for transmission"},{"label":"Power lines","detail":"Electricity is sent to homes and factories"},{"label":"Water released","detail":"Water leaves and rejoins the river"}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"process-rock-cycle","prompt":"The diagram below shows the formation and transformation of rocks over millions of years.","chart":{"kind":"process","title":"The rock cycle","cycle":true,"stages":[{"label":"Weathering","detail":"Wind and water break down rock"},{"label":"Erosion","detail":"Fragments are carried away by rivers and ice"},{"label":"Deposition","detail":"Sediment settles in layers on the sea bed"},{"label":"Compaction","detail":"Layers are pressed under their own weight"},{"label":"Sedimentary rock","detail":"Cementing forms rock such as sandstone"},{"label":"Heat and pressure","detail":"Buried rock is changed deep underground"},{"label":"Metamorphic rock","detail":"Rock such as marble is formed"},{"label":"Melting","detail":"Extreme heat turns rock into magma"},{"label":"Cooling","detail":"Magma cools and solidifies into igneous rock"}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"process-making-cement-and-concrete","prompt":"The diagram below shows how cement is manufactured.","chart":{"kind":"process","title":"Cement production","cycle":false,"stages":[{"label":"Quarrying","detail":"Limestone and clay are dug from a quarry"},{"label":"Crushing","detail":"Rock is broken into small pieces"},{"label":"Grinding","detail":"Materials are ground into a fine powder"},{"label":"Blending","detail":"The powder is mixed in the correct proportions"},{"label":"Preheating","detail":"Raw mix is heated in a tower"},{"label":"Kiln heating","detail":"It is burned at 1,450°C in a rotating kiln"},{"label":"Cooling","detail":"Hard lumps called clinker are cooled"},{"label":"Adding gypsum","detail":"Clinker is ground with gypsum"},{"label":"Packing","detail":"Cement is stored and bagged for delivery"}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"process-carbon-cycle","prompt":"The diagram below shows how carbon moves between the atmosphere, plants, animals and the soil.","chart":{"kind":"process","title":"The carbon cycle","cycle":true,"stages":[{"label":"Photosynthesis","detail":"Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air"},{"label":"Plant growth","detail":"Carbon is stored in leaves, stems and roots"},{"label":"Animals eat plants","detail":"Carbon passes along the food chain"},{"label":"Respiration","detail":"Living things release carbon dioxide"},{"label":"Death and decay","detail":"Bacteria break down dead matter"},{"label":"Fossil fuel formation","detail":"Buried remains turn into coal and oil over time"},{"label":"Burning fuels","detail":"Combustion returns carbon to the air"},{"label":"Ocean absorption","detail":"Seawater takes in some atmospheric carbon dioxide"}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"process-smartphone-assembly-production","prompt":"The diagram below shows the stages in producing a smartphone.","chart":{"kind":"process","title":"Smartphone manufacturing","cycle":false,"stages":[{"label":"Mining materials","detail":"Metals and minerals are extracted"},{"label":"Making components","detail":"Chips, screens and batteries are produced"},{"label":"Circuit board assembly","detail":"Parts are mounted on the main board"},{"label":"Screen fitting","detail":"The display is attached to the frame"},{"label":"Battery installation","detail":"The battery is connected and sealed in"},{"label":"Software loading","detail":"Operating system is installed"},{"label":"Testing","detail":"Each phone is checked for faults"},{"label":"Packaging","detail":"Phones are boxed with chargers"},{"label":"Shipping","detail":"Boxes are sent to shops worldwide"}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"process-tea-processing-from-leaf-to-cup","prompt":"The diagram below shows how tea leaves are processed for sale.","chart":{"kind":"process","title":"Tea processing","cycle":false,"stages":[{"label":"Plucking","detail":"Young leaves and buds are picked by hand"},{"label":"Withering","detail":"Leaves are left to wilt for several hours"},{"label":"Rolling","detail":"Leaves are rolled to release their juices"},{"label":"Oxidation","detail":"Leaves darken as they react with air"},{"label":"Firing","detail":"Hot air dries the leaves to stop oxidation"},{"label":"Sorting","detail":"Leaves are graded by size"},{"label":"Packing","detail":"Tea is packed into sealed bags and chests"}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"process-wastewater-treatment-plant","prompt":"The diagram below shows how sewage is cleaned at a treatment plant.","chart":{"kind":"process","title":"Wastewater treatment","cycle":false,"stages":[{"label":"Screening","detail":"Large objects are removed from the sewage"},{"label":"Grit removal","detail":"Sand and stones settle in a channel"},{"label":"Primary settling","detail":"Solids sink to form sludge"},{"label":"Aeration","detail":"Air is pumped in so bacteria digest waste"},{"label":"Secondary settling","detail":"Remaining particles settle out"},{"label":"Disinfection","detail":"Chlorine or ultraviolet light kills germs"},{"label":"Discharge","detail":"Clean water is returned to the river"},{"label":"Sludge treatment","detail":"Sludge is dried and used as fertiliser"}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"process-life-cycle-of-a-frog","prompt":"The diagram below shows the stages in the life of a frog.","chart":{"kind":"process","title":"Life cycle of a frog","cycle":true,"stages":[{"label":"Spawn laid","detail":"Female lays eggs in a pond"},{"label":"Embryo develops","detail":"The egg grows inside its jelly coating"},{"label":"Tadpole hatches","detail":"A tadpole with a tail swims out"},{"label":"Gills and tail","detail":"It breathes underwater and eats algae"},{"label":"Back legs grow","detail":"Hind legs appear after several weeks"},{"label":"Front legs grow","detail":"Lungs develop and arms emerge"},{"label":"Froglet","detail":"The tail shortens as the body changes"},{"label":"Adult frog","detail":"It leaves the water and later returns to breed"}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"process-coffee-bean-processing","prompt":"The diagram below shows how coffee beans are processed before export.","chart":{"kind":"process","title":"Coffee processing","cycle":false,"stages":[{"label":"Picking","detail":"Ripe red cherries are harvested"},{"label":"Pulping","detail":"Machines remove the outer skin"},{"label":"Fermentation","detail":"Beans soak in tanks to loosen the pulp"},{"label":"Washing","detail":"Clean water rinses away the residue"},{"label":"Drying","detail":"Beans are dried on raised beds in the sun"},{"label":"Hulling","detail":"The parchment layer is removed"},{"label":"Grading","detail":"Beans are sorted by size and quality"},{"label":"Bagging","detail":"Green beans are packed in sacks for export"}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"process-steel-production-blast-furnace","prompt":"The diagram below shows how steel is made from iron ore.","chart":{"kind":"process","title":"Steel production","cycle":false,"stages":[{"label":"Mining ore","detail":"Iron ore is extracted from the ground"},{"label":"Preparing materials","detail":"Ore is mixed with coke and limestone"},{"label":"Blast furnace","detail":"Hot air melts the mixture at very high temperature"},{"label":"Molten iron","detail":"Liquid iron is drawn off the base"},{"label":"Converter","detail":"Oxygen is blown in to remove carbon"},{"label":"Alloying","detail":"Metals are added to improve strength"},{"label":"Casting","detail":"Liquid steel is poured into slabs"},{"label":"Rolling","detail":"Slabs are pressed into sheets or beams"}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"process-nitrogen-cycle","prompt":"The diagram below shows how nitrogen circulates through the air, soil and living things.","chart":{"kind":"process","title":"The nitrogen cycle","cycle":true,"stages":[{"label":"Nitrogen fixation","detail":"Bacteria turn atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia"},{"label":"Nitrification","detail":"Other bacteria convert ammonia to nitrates"},{"label":"Plant uptake","detail":"Roots absorb nitrates from the soil"},{"label":"Animals eat plants","detail":"Nitrogen passes to herbivores and predators"},{"label":"Waste and death","detail":"Excretion and decay return nitrogen to the soil"},{"label":"Ammonification","detail":"Decomposers release ammonia"},{"label":"Denitrification","detail":"Bacteria convert nitrates back into nitrogen gas"}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"process-olive-oil-extraction-process","prompt":"The diagram below shows how olive oil is produced from olives.","chart":{"kind":"process","title":"Olive oil production","cycle":false,"stages":[{"label":"Harvesting","detail":"Olives are shaken from the trees onto nets"},{"label":"Cleaning","detail":"Leaves and twigs are removed"},{"label":"Crushing","detail":"Olives are ground into a paste"},{"label":"Malaxing","detail":"The paste is slowly stirred for 30 minutes"},{"label":"Pressing","detail":"Oil is separated from the solids"},{"label":"Centrifuge","detail":"Oil and water are separated by spinning"},{"label":"Filtering","detail":"Sediment is removed from the oil"},{"label":"Bottling","detail":"Oil is stored in tanks, then bottled"}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"process-recycling-aluminium-cans","prompt":"The diagram below shows how used aluminium cans are recycled.","chart":{"kind":"process","title":"Aluminium can recycling","cycle":true,"stages":[{"label":"Collection","detail":"Cans are gathered from bins and banks"},{"label":"Sorting","detail":"Magnets separate steel from aluminium"},{"label":"Shredding","detail":"Cans are cut into small pieces"},{"label":"Removing paint","detail":"Coatings are burned off in a furnace"},{"label":"Melting","detail":"The metal is melted into liquid aluminium"},{"label":"Casting","detail":"Liquid metal is cast into large ingots"},{"label":"Rolling","detail":"Ingots are rolled into thin sheets"},{"label":"Making new cans","detail":"Sheets are formed and filled with drinks"}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"process-silk-production-from-silkworms","prompt":"The diagram below shows how silk fabric is produced.","chart":{"kind":"process","title":"Silk production","cycle":false,"stages":[{"label":"Hatching","detail":"Silkworm eggs hatch into larvae"},{"label":"Feeding","detail":"Larvae eat mulberry leaves for about a month"},{"label":"Spinning cocoons","detail":"Each worm spins a cocoon of silk thread"},{"label":"Stifling","detail":"Cocoons are heated to kill the pupae"},{"label":"Reeling","detail":"Threads are unwound from the cocoons"},{"label":"Twisting","detail":"Several threads are twisted into yarn"},{"label":"Dyeing","detail":"Yarn is coloured in vats"},{"label":"Weaving","detail":"Yarn is woven into cloth"}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"process-biogas-production-from-waste","prompt":"The diagram below shows how biogas is produced from farm waste.","chart":{"kind":"process","title":"Biogas production","cycle":false,"stages":[{"label":"Collecting waste","detail":"Manure and crop waste are gathered"},{"label":"Mixing tank","detail":"Waste is mixed with water"},{"label":"Digester","detail":"Bacteria break down waste without oxygen"},{"label":"Gas collected","detail":"Methane rises and is stored in a dome"},{"label":"Gas cleaned","detail":"Impurities are removed"},{"label":"Generator","detail":"Biogas fuels an engine"},{"label":"Electricity and heat","detail":"Power is supplied to the farm"},{"label":"Digestate","detail":"Leftover slurry is spread as fertiliser"}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"process-rice-farming-from-seed-to-market","prompt":"The diagram below shows the stages of growing and processing rice.","chart":{"kind":"process","title":"Rice production","cycle":false,"stages":[{"label":"Preparing fields","detail":"Paddies are ploughed and flooded"},{"label":"Sowing seedlings","detail":"Young plants are transplanted by hand"},{"label":"Growing","detail":"Fields stay flooded for several months"},{"label":"Draining","detail":"Water is released before harvest"},{"label":"Harvesting","detail":"Mature plants are cut and gathered"},{"label":"Threshing","detail":"Grains are separated from the stalks"},{"label":"Drying","detail":"Grain is dried in the sun"},{"label":"Milling","detail":"Husks are removed to produce white rice"},{"label":"Packing","detail":"Rice is bagged for sale"}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"process-brick-making-process","prompt":"The diagram below shows how bricks are made in a factory.","chart":{"kind":"process","title":"Brick manufacturing","cycle":false,"stages":[{"label":"Digging clay","detail":"Clay is extracted from a quarry"},{"label":"Crushing","detail":"Large lumps are broken up"},{"label":"Mixing","detail":"Clay is mixed with water and sand"},{"label":"Shaping","detail":"The mixture is pressed into moulds"},{"label":"Drying","detail":"Bricks are dried in warm air for two days"},{"label":"Firing","detail":"They are baked in a kiln at 1,000°C"},{"label":"Cooling","detail":"Bricks cool slowly to avoid cracking"},{"label":"Delivery","detail":"Bricks are stacked and taken to building sites"}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"process-cheese-making-from-milk","prompt":"The diagram below shows how cheese is made from milk.","chart":{"kind":"process","title":"Cheese production","cycle":false,"stages":[{"label":"Milk delivered","detail":"Fresh milk arrives at the dairy"},{"label":"Pasteurising","detail":"Milk is heated to kill bacteria"},{"label":"Adding culture","detail":"Bacteria and rennet are stirred in"},{"label":"Curdling","detail":"Milk separates into curds and whey"},{"label":"Cutting curds","detail":"Curds are cut and the whey drained"},{"label":"Pressing","detail":"Curds are pressed into blocks"},{"label":"Salting","detail":"Blocks are salted or soaked in brine"},{"label":"Maturing","detail":"Cheese is stored to ripen for months"}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"process-volcanic-island-formation","prompt":"The diagram below shows how a volcanic island forms and later erodes.","chart":{"kind":"process","title":"Formation of a volcanic island","cycle":false,"stages":[{"label":"Magma rises","detail":"Hot rock moves up through the sea floor"},{"label":"Eruption","detail":"Lava breaks through under the ocean"},{"label":"Cooling","detail":"Lava hardens into solid rock"},{"label":"Cone builds","detail":"Repeated eruptions build up a cone"},{"label":"Island appears","detail":"The peak rises above sea level"},{"label":"Soil forms","detail":"Weathering creates soil"},{"label":"Plants arrive","detail":"Seeds are brought by birds and wind"},{"label":"Erosion","detail":"Waves slowly wear the island away"}]}},{"task":"task1","id":"process-life-cycle-of-a-salmon","prompt":"The diagram below shows the life cycle of a salmon.","chart":{"kind":"process","title":"Life cycle of a salmon","cycle":true,"stages":[{"label":"Eggs in gravel","detail":"The female lays eggs in a river nest"},{"label":"Alevin","detail":"Hatchlings live off a yolk sac"},{"label":"Fry","detail":"Young fish begin to feed in the stream"},{"label":"Parr","detail":"They grow stripes and stay in fresh water"},{"label":"Smolt","detail":"The body adapts for salt water"},{"label":"Ocean feeding","detail":"Fish migrate to sea and grow for years"},{"label":"Return journey","detail":"Adults swim back to their home river"},{"label":"Spawning","detail":"They breed upstream and the cycle restarts"}]}}]}